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Cryptorchism

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Cryptorchism ("hidden testis") is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. The testes usually descend through the inguinal canal during the third trimester. Therefore it is not surprising that the frequency of undescended testes is high in premature infants (about 20%), or that some testes will descend after a term birth. The frequency of cryptorchism is about 2.5% in term infants, 0.8% in 1-year-olds, and 0.3% in young adults. Undescended testes are usually located in or near the inguinal canal (3/4), the rest reside within the abdomen. The consequences of cryptorchism include seminiferous tubular atrophy and infertility, and increased risk of testicular cancer.

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